Bioderived silicon nano-quills: synthesis, structure and performance in lithium-ion battery anodes
Date
2024-03-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Green Chemistry
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are bioderived one-dimensional species with versatile surface chemistry and unique self-assembling behavior in aqueous solutions. This work presents a scientific approach to leverage these characteristics for creating CNC network templates and processing them to engineer a novel silicon (Si)-based material called silicon nano-quill (SiNQ) for energy storage applications. The SiNQ structure possesses a porous, tubular morphology with a substantial ability to store lithium ions while maintaining its structural integrity. The presence of Si suboxides in the SiNQ structure is demonstrated to be crucial for realizing a stable cycling performance. One of the defining attributes of SiNQ is its water dispersibility due to Si–H surface bonds, promoting water-based Si-graphite electrode manufacturing with environmental and economic benefits. The incorporation of only 17 wt% SiNQ enhances the capacity of graphitic anodes by ∼2.5 times. An initial coulombic efficiency of 97.5% is achieved by employing a versatile pre-lithiation. The SiNQ-graphite anodes with high active loading, when subjected to accelerated charging/discharging conditions at 5.4 mA cm−2, exhibit stable cycling stability up to 500 cycles and average coulombic efficiency of >99%. A generalized physics-based cyclic voltammetry model is presented to explain the remarkable behavior of SiNQs under fast-charging conditions.
Description
This article was originally published in Green Chemistry. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC00498A. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2024
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Citation
Chen, Nancy, Morteza Sabet, Nawraj Sapkota, Mihir Parekh, Shailendra Chiluwal, Kelliann Koehler, Craig M. Clemons, Yi Ding, Apparao M. Rao, and Srikanth Pilla. “Bioderived Silicon Nano-Quills: Synthesis, Structure and Performance in Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes.” Green Chemistry 26, no. 8 (2024): 4691–4702. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC00498A.