Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine COVID-19 vaccination intentions and behavior among international and domestic college students in the United States
Date
2024-02-02
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PLoS ONE
Abstract
Vaccination is the most effective strategy for preventing infectious diseases such as COVID-19. College students are important targets for COVID-19 vaccines given this population’s lower intentions to be vaccinated; however, limited research has focused on international college students’ vaccination status. This study explored how psychosocial factors from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; attitudes, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and behavioral intentions) related to students’ receipt of the full course of COVID-19 vaccines and their plans to receive a booster. Students were recruited via Amazon mTurk and the Office of the Registrar at a U.S. state university. We used binary logistic regression to examine associations between students’ psychosocial factors and full COVID-19 vaccination status. Hierarchical multiple regression was employed to evaluate relationships between these factors and students’ intentions to receive a booster. The majority of students in our sample (81% of international students and 55% of domestic students) received the complete vaccination series. Attitudes were significantly associated with all students’ full vaccination status, while perceived behavioral control was significantly associated with domestic students’ status. Students’ intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccines were significantly correlated with their intentions to receive a booster, with international students scoring higher on booster intentions. Among the combined college student population, attitudes, intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccines, and subjective norms were significantly related to students’ intentions to receive a booster. Findings support the TPB’s potential utility in evidence-based interventions to enhance college students’ COVID-19 vaccination rates. Implications for stakeholders and future research directions are discussed.
Description
This article was originally published in PLoS ONE. The version of record is available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293130. © 2024 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Keywords
COVID 19, booster doses, HIV vaccines, vaccination and immunization, vaccines, psychological attitudes, behavior, vaccine development
Citation
Liu C-C, Ling J, Zahry NR, Liu C, Ammigan R, Kaur L (2024) Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to determine COVID-19 vaccination intentions and behavior among international and domestic college students in the United States. PLoS ONE 19(2): e0293130. https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293130